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PEOPLE

Language
Dzongkha is the official language. Nepali and dialects are also spoken.
Source: New Internationalist World Guide

Population

2009	0.7 million	U.N. Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Population Division (2009)
2007	0.7 million	U.N. Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Population Division (2006)
2006	0.6 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2005	0.6 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2004	0.6 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2003	0.6 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2002	0.6 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2001	0.6 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2000	0.6 million	U.N. DESA (2006)

Future population estimates
1.0 million (2050)
Source: U.N. DESA (2009)

Ethnic groups
The Bhutias, Drukpas and Tibetans make up 50 percent of the population, and Nepalis (known as Lhotsampas) 35 percent. There are also Lepchas, indigenous people and Santal, descended from Indian immigrants.
Source: NI World Guide

Religion
Buddhist 70 percent, Hindu 25 percent, Muslim 5 percent, others 1 percent
Source: NI World Guide

Percentage urban population

2007	11.8 percent	U.N. DESA - World Urbanisation Prospects 2005
2006	11.4 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2005	11.1 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2004	10.8 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2003	10.5 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2002	10.2 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2001	9.9 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2000	9.6 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)

Year women granted right to vote
1953
Source: U.N. Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development Report
Where two figures are shown, the first refers to a partial recognition of the right to vote and the second to the year women received the right to vote on a universal and equal basis.

Net percentage of girls enrolled in primary education
No data available (2007)

Percentage of population under 15

2005	33.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	38.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	39.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	41.8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	42.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	42.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

USEFUL INFORMATION

Time zone
GMT +6

Climate description
Hot and humid in the southern region; cool, temperate in the inner Himalayas; severe alpine climate in the high northern region with substantial variation in rainfall throughout the country.

Currency
Ngultrum

Telephone dialling code
(+) 975

Driving (left/right)
Left

STANDARD OF LIVING

Average life expectancy

2005	64.7 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	63.4 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	62.9 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	63.2 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	62.5 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	62.0 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Life expectancy - male

2005	63.1 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	62.2 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	61.7 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	61.8 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	61.3 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	60.8 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Life expectancy - female

2005	66.5 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	64.6 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	64.2 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	64.3 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	63.8 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	63.2 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Infant mortality

2007	56 per 1,000 live births	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2009
2006	63 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
2005	65 per 1,000 live births	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2007
2004	67 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
2003	70 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	74 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	74 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	77 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Child mortality - deaths before the age of five

2007	84 per 1,000 live births	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2009
2006	70 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
2005	75 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007
2004	80 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
2000	100 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Births attended by skilled personnel

1997-2005	37 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1996-2004	37 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1995-2003	24 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1995-2002	24 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1995-2001	No data available percent
1995-2000	No data available percent

Maternal mortality

2005	440 per 100,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2000	420 per 100,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006

Human development index (HDI rank)

2005	133	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	135	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	134	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	134	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	136	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	140	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Percentage of children under weight for age (under age 5)

2000-2007	19 percent	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2009
2000-2006	19 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
1996-2005	19 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007
1996-2004	19 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
1995-2003	19 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1995-2002	19 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1995-2001	19 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
1995-2000	19 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Percentage of undernourished population
No data available percent

Population with access to improved water

2006	81 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2008
2004	62 percent	UNICEF and World Health Organisation (WHO) 2006
2002	62 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2000	62 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004

Population with access to improved sanitation

2006	52 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2008
2004	70 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2006
2002	70 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005

Literacy - average

2004	47.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	47.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	No data available percent
2001	No data available percent
2000	No data available percent

Literacy - male
No data available percent

Literacy - female
No data available percent

Landlines telephones

2008	40 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2007	44 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2006	48 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2005	51 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2004	48 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2003	38 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2002	33 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2001	30 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2000	25 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009

Cellular telephone subscribers

2008	366 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2007	221 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2006	124 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2005	55 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2004	30 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2003	4 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2002	No data available per 1,000 people
2001	No data available per 1,000 people
2000	No data available per 1,000 people

Internet users

2008	No data available per 1,000 people
2007	No data available per 1,000 people
2006	No data available per 1,000 people
2005	12 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2004	10 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2003	7 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2002	5 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2001	3 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009
2000	1 per 1,000 people	ITU 2009

Transparency International corruption ranking (Scale: 1 = least corrupt, >175 = most corrupt)

2008	45 (joint)	Transparency International 2008
2007	46 (joint)	Transparency International 2007
2006	32 (joint)	Transparency International

Signatory of International Convention on the Prevention and Punishment for the crime of Genocide
No (1948)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Signatory of the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
No (1984)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Signatory of the Convention on the Rights of the Child
Yes (1989)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

ECONOMY & AID

Percentage of population living on less than US$1 a day
No data available percent

GNI per capita, Atlas method

2007	1770 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2006	1420 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2005	1270 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2004	1110 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2003	980 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2002	890 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2001	840 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2000	800 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009

The purpose of the Atlas conversion factor is to reduce the impact of exchange rate fluctuations in a cross-country comparison of national incomes. The Atlas conversion factor for any year is the average of a country's exchange rate (or alternative conversion factor) for that year and its exchange rates for the two preceding years.

GDP

2007	1.1 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2006	0.9 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2005	0.8 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2004	0.7 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2003	0.6 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2002	0.5 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2001	0.5 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2000	0.4 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009

Annual GDP growth

2006	8.5 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2005	7.0 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2004	6.8 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2003	7.2 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2002	10.9 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2001	6.8 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2000	7.2 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008

Annual inflation

2007	-0.3 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2006	4.4 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2005	5.8 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2004	2.9 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2003	3.7 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2002	4.1 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2001	6.6 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009
2000	2.3 percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2009

Share of income or consumption (poorest 10 percent)
No data available

Share of income or consumption (richest 10 percent)
No data available

HEALTH

Physicians

2000-2004	5 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1990-2004	5 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1990-2003	5 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1990-2002	16 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

Percentage HIV+ (adults aged 15-49)

2007	0.1 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2006	0.1 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2005	0.1 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2004	<0.1 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2003	No data available percent

Malaria
Risk throughout the year in the southern belt of the country: Chhukha, Samchi, Samdrup, Jonkhar, Geylegphug and Shemgang. P. falciparum resistance to chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine reported.
Source: WHO

TB cases

2007	246 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2006	258 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2005	270 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2004	283 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2003	296 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2002	310 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2001	325 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009
2000	340 per 100,000 people	WHO 2009

CONFLICT & MIGRATION

Number of refugees originating here

2008	102465	UNHCR
2007	108098	UNHCR
2006	108073	Office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
2005	106537	UNHCR
2004	105255	UNHCR
2003	103978	UNHCR
2002	112263	UNHCR
2001	110780	UNHCR
2000	108897	UNHCR

Number of refugees residing here
No data available

Number of internally displaced people\Estimate

	No data available

No data available

Landmine casualties per year

2004	0	Landmine Monitor Report 2005
2003	0	Landmine Monitor Report 2004

Casualty figures may include both civilians and military personnel injured or killed by landmines and unexploded ordnance.
Signatory to landmine convention?
Yes (2005 )
Source: Landmine Monitor Report

Percentage of GDP spent on military
No data available percent

Percentage of GDP spent on education

2002-2005	No data available percent
2002-2004	No data available percent
2000-2002	5.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1999-2001	5.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1998-2000	5.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

Percentage of GDP spent on health

2004	3.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2003-2004	2.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2002	4.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2001	3.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2000	3.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003