Djibouti
| Capital: | Djibouti |
| Area size: | 23180 sq. km Slightly larger than Wales |
| Time zone: | GMT +3 |
| Currency: | Djibouti franc |
| Area code: | (+) 253 |
| Driving: | Right |
| Climate description: | One of the hottest countries in the world, Djibouti consists of mostly desert, which leaves the agricultural community able to sustain only 25% of the domestic food demand. There are a few spots in the North and along the coast that are not as hot, but the average yearly temperature is about 30 degrees Celsius. |
People
Standard of living
Economy & aid
Health
Disasters, conflict & migration
Language
French is the official and Arabic the religious language. Afar and Issa (Somali) are also spoken.
Source: New Internationalist World Guide
Population
Future population estimates
1.3 million (2050)
Source: U.N. DESA (2006)
Ethnic groups
Most Djiboutians are either Afars or Issas, of Somalian origin and predominant in the south. There are also French, Yemeni, Ethiopian and other minorities
Source: NI World Guide
Religion
Sunni Muslim and a small Christian minority
Source: NI World Guide
Percentage urban population
Year women granted right to vote
1946
Source: U.N. Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development Report
Where two figures are shown, the first refers to a partial recognition of the right to vote and the second to the year women received the right to vote on a universal and equal basis.
Net percentage of girls enrolled in primary education
34 (2006)
Source: UNESCO
Percentage of population under 15
French is the official and Arabic the religious language. Afar and Issa (Somali) are also spoken.
Source: New Internationalist World Guide
Population
| 2007 | 0.8 million | U.N. Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Population Division (2006) |
| 2006 | 0.8 million | U.N. DESA (2006) |
| 2005 | 0.8 million | U.N. DESA (2006) |
| 2004 | 0.8 million | U.N. DESA (2006) |
| 2003 | 0.8 million | U.N. DESA (2006) |
| 2002 | 0.8 million | U.N. DESA (2006) |
| 2001 | 0.7 million | U.N. DESA (2006) |
| 2000 | 0.7 million | U.N. DESA (2006) |
Future population estimates
1.3 million (2050)
Source: U.N. DESA (2006)
Ethnic groups
Most Djiboutians are either Afars or Issas, of Somalian origin and predominant in the south. There are also French, Yemeni, Ethiopian and other minorities
Source: NI World Guide
Religion
Sunni Muslim and a small Christian minority
Source: NI World Guide
Percentage urban population
| 2007 | 87.0 percent | U.N. DESA - World Urbanisation Prospects 2005 |
| 2006 | 86.6 percent | U.N. DESA (2005) |
| 2005 | 86.1 percent | U.N. DESA (2005) |
| 2004 | 85.6 percent | U.N. DESA (2005) |
| 2003 | 85.1 percent | U.N. DESA (2005) |
| 2002 | 84.5 percent | U.N. DESA (2005) |
| 2001 | 84.0 percent | U.N. DESA (2005) |
| 2000 | 83.3 percent | U.N. DESA (2005) |
Year women granted right to vote
1946
Source: U.N. Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development Report
Where two figures are shown, the first refers to a partial recognition of the right to vote and the second to the year women received the right to vote on a universal and equal basis.
Net percentage of girls enrolled in primary education
34 (2006)
Source: UNESCO
Percentage of population under 15
| 2005 | 38.5 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008 |
| 2004 | 41.8 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2006 |
| 2003 | 42.1 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 2002 | 43 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 2001 | 43.0 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2003 |
| 2000 | 43.2 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2002 |
Average life expectancy
Life expectancy - male
Life expectancy - female
Infant mortality
Child mortality - deaths before the age of five
Births attended by skilled personnel
Maternal mortality
Human development index (HDI rank)
Percentage of children under weight for age (under age 5)
Percentage of undernourished population
Food intake falls below the minimum requirement.
Population with access to improved water
Population with access to improved sanitation
Literacy - average
Literacy - male
Literacy - female
Landlines telephones
Cellular telephone subscribers
Internet users
Transparency International corruption ranking (1=least corrupt, 179=most corrupt)
Signatory of International Convention on the Prevention and Punishment for the crime of Genocide
No (1948)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report
Signatory of the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
Yes (1984)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report
Signatory of the Convention on the Rights of the Child
Yes (1989)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report
| 2005 | 53.9 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008 |
| 2004 | 52.9 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2006 |
| 2003 | 52.8 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 2002 | 45.7 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 2001 | 46.1 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2003 |
| 2000 | 43.1 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2002 |
Life expectancy - male
| 2005 | 52.6 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008 |
| 2004 | 51.8 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2006 |
| 2003 | 51.6 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 2002 | 44.8 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 2001 | 44.9 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2003 |
| 2000 | 41.6 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2002 |
Life expectancy - female
| 2005 | 55.2 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008 |
| 2004 | 54.1 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2006 |
| 2003 | 54.0 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 2002 | 47.0 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 2001 | 47.3 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2003 |
| 2000 | 44.2 years | UNDP - Human Development Report 2002 |
Infant mortality
| 2006 | 86 per 1,000 live births | UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008 |
| 2005 | 88 per 1,000 live births | U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2007 |
| 2004 | 101 per 1,000 live births | UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006 |
| 2003 | 97 per 1,000 live births | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 2002 | 100 per 1,000 live births | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 2001 | 100 per 1,000 live births | UNDP - Human Development Report 2003 |
| 2000 | 102 per 1,000 live births | UNDP - Human Development Report 2002 |
Child mortality - deaths before the age of five
| 2006 | 130 per 1,000 live births | UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008 |
| 2005 | 133 per 1,000 live births | UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007 |
| 2004 | 126 per 1,000 live births | UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006 |
| 2003 | 138 per 1,000 live births | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 2002 | 143 per 1,000 live births | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 2000 | 146 per 1,000 live births | UNDP - Human Development Report 2002 |
Births attended by skilled personnel
| 1997-2005 | 61 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008 |
| 1996-2004 | 61 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2006 |
| 1995-2003 | 61 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 1995-2002 | No data available percent | |
| 1995-2001 | No data available percent | |
| 1995-2000 | No data available percent |
Maternal mortality
| 2005 | 650 per 100,000 live births | UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008 |
| 2000 | 730 per 100,000 live births | UNDP - Human Development Report 2006 |
Human development index (HDI rank)
| 2005 | 149 | UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008 |
| 2004 | 148 | UNDP - Human Development Report 2006 |
| 2003 | 150 | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 2002 | 154 | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 2001 | 153 | UNDP - Human Development Report 2003 |
| 2000 | 149 | UNDP - Human Development Report 2002 |
Percentage of children under weight for age (under age 5)
| 2000-2006 | 29 percent | UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008 |
| 1996-2005 | 27 percent | UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007 |
| 1996-2004 | 18 percent | UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006 |
| 1995-2003 | 18 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 1995-2002 | 18 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 1995-2001 | 18 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2003 |
| 1995-2000 | 18 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2002 |
Percentage of undernourished population
| 2002-2004 average | 24 percent | U.N. Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) 2006 |
| 2001-2003average | 26 percent | FAO 2006 |
Food intake falls below the minimum requirement.
Population with access to improved water
| 2006 | 92 percent | UNICEF and WHO 2008 |
| 2004 | 73 percent | UNICEF and World Health Organisation (WHO) 2006 |
| 2002 | 80 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 2000 | 100 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
Population with access to improved sanitation
| 2006 | 67 percent | UNICEF and WHO 2008 |
| 2004 | 82 percent | UNICEF and WHO 2006 |
| 2002 | 50 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 2000 | 91 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
Literacy - average
| 2004 | No data available percent | |
| 2003 | 65.5 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 2002 | 65.5 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 2001 | 65.5 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2003 |
| 2000 | 64.6 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2002 |
Literacy - male
| 2004 | No data available percent | |
| 2003 | No data available percent | |
| 2002 | 76.1 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 2001 | 76.1 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2003 |
| 2000 | 75.6 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2002 |
Literacy - female
| 2004 | No data available percent | |
| 2003 | No data available percent | |
| 2002 | 55.5 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 2001 | 55.5 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2003 |
| 2000 | 54.4 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2002 |
Landlines telephones
| 2007 | 14 per 1,000 people | International Telecommunication Union (ITU) 2008 |
| 2006 | 14 per 1,000 people | ITU 2008 |
| 2005 | 14 per 1,000 people | ITU 2008 |
| 2004 | 14 per 1,000 people | ITU 2008 |
| 2003 | 13 per 1,000 people | ITU 2008 |
| 2002 | 14 per 1,000 people | ITU 2008 |
| 2001 | 14 per 1,000 people | ITU 2008 |
| 2000 | 14 per 1,000 people | ITU 2008 |
Cellular telephone subscribers
| 2007 | 54 per 1,000 people | ITU 2008 |
| 2006 | 55 per 1,000 people | ITU 2008 |
| 2005 | 56 per 1,000 people | ITU 2008 |
| 2004 | 44 per 1,000 people | ITU 2008 |
| 2003 | 30 per 1,000 people | ITU 2008 |
| 2002 | 20 per 1,000 people | ITU 2008 |
| 2001 | 4 per 1,000 people | ITU 2008 |
| 2000 | 0.3 per 1,000 people | ITU 2008 |
Internet users
| 2006 | 14 per 1,000 people | ITU 2007 |
| 2005 | 15 per 1,000 people | ITU 2007 |
| 2004 | 13 per 1,000 people | ITU 2007 |
| 2003 | 10 per 1,000 people | ITU 2007 |
| 2002 | 6 per 1,000 people | ITU 2008 |
| 2001 | 5 per 1,000 people | ITU 2008 |
| 2000 | 2 per 1,000 people | ITU 2008 |
Transparency International corruption ranking (1=least corrupt, 179=most corrupt)
| 2008 | 102 (joint) | Transparency International 2008 |
| 2007 | 105 (joint) | Transparency International 2007 |
| 2006 | Not ranked | |
| 2002 | Not ranked | |
| 2001 | Not ranked | |
| 2000 | Not ranked |
Signatory of International Convention on the Prevention and Punishment for the crime of Genocide
No (1948)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report
Signatory of the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
Yes (1984)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report
Signatory of the Convention on the Rights of the Child
Yes (1989)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report
International humanitarian aid flows
Access the Financial Tracking Service, a global real-time database which records all reported humanitarian aid - including that for NGOs, the Red Cross/Crescent Movement, bilateral aid, in-kind aid and private donations - searchable by country.
Source: Financial Tracking Service, ReliefWeb
Percentage of population living on less than US$1 a day
No data available percent
GNI per capita, Atlas method
The purpose of the Atlas conversion factor is to reduce the impact of exchange rate fluctuations in a cross-country comparison of national incomes. The Atlas conversion factor for any year is the average of a country’s exchange rate (or alternative conversion factor) for that year and its exchange rates for the two preceding years.
GDP
Annual GDP growth
Annual inflation
Share of income or consumption (poorest 10 percent)
No data available
Share of income or consumption (richest 10 percent)
No data available
No data available percent
GNI per capita, Atlas method
| 2006 | 1060 current US$ | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
| 2005 | 1000 current US$ | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
| 2004 | 950 current US$ | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
| 2003 | 870 current US$ | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
| 2002 | 780 current US$ | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
| 2001 | 760 current US$ | |
| 2000 | 760 current US$ | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
The purpose of the Atlas conversion factor is to reduce the impact of exchange rate fluctuations in a cross-country comparison of national incomes. The Atlas conversion factor for any year is the average of a country’s exchange rate (or alternative conversion factor) for that year and its exchange rates for the two preceding years.
GDP
| 2006 | 0.8 current US$ billions | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
| 2005 | 0.7 current US$ billions | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
| 2004 | 0.7 current US$ billions | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
| 2003 | 0.6 current US$ billions | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
| 2002 | 0.6 current US$ billions | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
| 2001 | 0.6 current US$ billions | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
| 2000 | 0.6 current US$ billions | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
Annual GDP growth
| 2006 | 4.9 percent | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
| 2005 | 3.2 percent | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
| 2004 | 3.8 percent | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
| 2003 | 3.2 percent | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
| 2002 | 2.6 percent | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
| 2001 | 2.0 percent | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
| 2000 | 0.4 percent | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
Annual inflation
| 2006 | 3.5 percent | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
| 2005 | 3.2 percent | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
| 2004 | 3.1 percent | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
| 2003 | 2.0 percent | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
| 2002 | 0.6 percent | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
| 2001 | 1.8 percent | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
| 2000 | 2.4 percent | World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008 |
Share of income or consumption (poorest 10 percent)
No data available
Share of income or consumption (richest 10 percent)
No data available
Physicians
Percentage HIV+ (adults aged 15-49)
Malaria
Risk from P.falciparum throughout the year in the whole country. Resistance to chloroquine reported.
Source: WHO
TB cases
| 2000-2004 | 18 per 100,000 people | UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008 |
| 1990-2004 | 18 per 100,000 people | UNDP - Human Development Report 2006 |
| 1990-2003 | 13 per 100,000 people | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 1990-2002 | 13 per 100,000 people | UNDP - Human Development Report 2003 |
Percentage HIV+ (adults aged 15-49)
| 2007 | 3.1 percent | U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008 |
| 2006 | 3.1 percent | U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008 |
| 2005 | 3.1 percent | U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008 |
| 2004 | 3.1 percent | U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008 |
| 2003 | 3.1 percent | U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008 |
Malaria
Risk from P.falciparum throughout the year in the whole country. Resistance to chloroquine reported.
Source: WHO
TB cases
| 2006 | 809 per 100,000 people | WHO 2008 |
| 2005 | 792 per 100,000 people | WHO 2008 |
| 2004 | 775 per 100,000 people | WHO 2008 |
| 2003 | 759 per 100,000 people | WHO 2008 |
| 2002 | 743 per 100,000 people | WHO 2008 |
| 2001 | 727 per 100,000 people | WHO 2008 |
| 2000 | 712 per 100,000 people | WHO 2008 |
Chronology of natural disasters
Access EM-DAT, a database of natural disasters from 1900 to the present - death tolls and numbers of affected people - searchable by country.
Source: Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters, Catholic University of Louvain, Belgium
Number of refugees originating here
Number of refugees residing here
Number of internally displaced people\Estimate
Landmine casualties per year
Casualty figures may include both civilians and military personnel injured or killed by landmines and unexploded ordnance.
Signatory to landmine convention?
Yes (1997)
Source: Landmine Monitor Report
Percentage of GDP spent on military
No data available percent
Percentage of GDP spent on education
Percentage of GDP spent on health
| 2007 | 648 | UNHCR |
| 2006 | 486 | Office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) |
| 2005 | 503 | UNHCR |
| 2004 | 495 | UNHCR |
| 2003 | 522 | UNHCR |
| 2002 | 471 | UNHCR |
| 2001 | 452 | UNHCR |
| 2000 | 1910 | UNHCR |
Number of refugees residing here
| 2007 | 6651 | UNHCR |
| 2006 | 9259 | UNHCR |
| 2005 | 10456 | UNHCR |
| 2004 | 18035 | UNHCR |
| 2003 | 27034 | UNHCR |
| 2002 | 21702 | UNHCR |
| 2001 | 23176 | UNHCR |
| 2000 | 23243 | UNHCR |
Number of internally displaced people\Estimate
| No data available | |||
Landmine casualties per year
| 2004 | 0 | Landmine Monitor Report 2005 |
| 2003 | 0 | Landmine Monitor Report 2004 |
Casualty figures may include both civilians and military personnel injured or killed by landmines and unexploded ordnance.
Signatory to landmine convention?
Yes (1997)
Source: Landmine Monitor Report
Percentage of GDP spent on military
No data available percent
Percentage of GDP spent on education
| 2002-2005 | 7.9 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008 |
| 2002-2004 | 6.1 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2006 |
| 1998-2000 | 3.5 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2003 |
Percentage of GDP spent on health
| 2004 | 4.4 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008 |
| 2003-2004 | 3.8 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2006 |
| 2002 | 3.3 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2005 |
| 2001 | 4.1 percent | UNDP - Human Development Report 2004 |
| 2000 | No data available percent |
AlertNet makes every effort to ensure statistics are updated from the relevant sources as soon as they are available.
Unlike some other content on this website, the written content in this article may be republished or redistributed by any means free of charge. Any use of photographs and graphics on this website is expressly prohibited. You must check whether written content contained in other articles on this website may be republished or redistributed without the express permission of Reuters or the relevant third party provider.
Related articles
Breaking stories
Africa
Ethiopia won't stay in Somalia "indefinitely"
Africa
Ethiopia won't stay in Somalia "indefinitely"
AlertNet insight
Americas
MEDIAWATCH: Food summit thwarts hope
Aid agency news feed
Africa
Djibouti: Pastoralists' way of life at risk
Blogs
Americas
Yes, people over 50 have sex too
Maps
Americas
MAP: Global Incidence of H5N1 Virus
More briefings