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Finland

$Small country map\n© Microsoft Virtual Earth$

Capital:	Helsinki
Area size:	304590 sq. km Slightly smaller than Germany
Time zone:	Standard Time GMT +2, Summer Time GMT +3
Currency:	Euro
Area code:	(+) 358
Driving:	Right
Climate description:	Cold temperate; potentially subarctic but comparatively mild because of the moderating influence of the North Atlantic Current, Baltic Sea, and more than 60,000 lakes.

People

Standard of living

Economy & aid

Health

Disasters, conflict & migration

Language
Finnish is an official language and is spoken by 92 percent of the population. Swedish, spoken by 6 percent of the population, is also an official language. Sami and Russian are spoken by minorities.
Source: New Internationalist World Guide

Population

2007	5.3 million	U.N. Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Population Division (2006)
2006	5.3 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2005	5.2 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2004	5.2 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2003	5.2 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2002	5.2 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2001	5.2 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2000	5.2 million	U.N. DESA (2006)

Future population estimates
5.8 million (2050)
Source: U.N. DESA (2006)

Ethnic groups
Finnish 92 percent, Swedish 8 percent; there are also Roma and Sami minorities
Source: NI World Guide

Religion
Lutheran (more than 94 percent), Finnish Orthodox 2 percent
Source: NI World Guide

Percentage urban population

2007	61.3 percent	U.N. DESA - World Urbanisation Prospects 2005
2006	61.2 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2005	61.1 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2004	61.1 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2003	61.0 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2002	61.0 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2001	61.1 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2000	61.1 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)

Year women granted right to vote
1906
Source: U.N. Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development Report
Where two figures are shown, the first refers to a partial recognition of the right to vote and the second to the year women received the right to vote on a universal and equal basis.

Net percentage of girls enrolled in primary education
97 (2006)
Source: UNESCO

Percentage of population under 15

2005	17.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	17.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	17.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	17.8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	18.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	18.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Average life expectancy

2005	78.9 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	78.7 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	78.5 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	78 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	77.8 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	77.6 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Life expectancy - male

2005	75.6 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	75.3 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	75.1 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	74.3 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	74.1 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	73.9 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Life expectancy - female

2005	82.0 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	81.9 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	81.7 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	81.4 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	81.3 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	81.1 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Infant mortality

2006	3 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
2005	3 per 1,000 live births	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2007
2004	3 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
2003	4 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	4 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	4 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	4 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Child mortality - deaths before the age of five

2006	4 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
2005	4 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007
2004	4 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
2003	5 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	5 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	5 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	4 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Births attended by skilled personnel

1997-2005	100 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1996-2004	100 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1995-2003	100 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1995-2002	No data available percent
1995-2001	No data available percent
1995-2000	No data available percent

Maternal mortality

2005	7 per 100,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2000	6 per 100,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006

Human development index (HDI rank)

2005	11	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	11	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	13	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	13	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	14	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	10	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Percentage of children under weight for age (under age 5)
No data available percent

Percentage of undernourished population

2002-2004 average	<2.5 percent	U.N. Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) 2006
2001-2003average	<2.5 percent	FAO 2006

Food intake falls below the minimum requirement.

Population with access to improved water

2006	100 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2008
2004	100 percent	UNICEF and World Health Organisation (WHO) 2006
2002	100 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2000	100 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004

Population with access to improved sanitation

2006	100 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2008
2004	100 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2006
2002	100 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2000	100 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004

Literacy - average

2004	99.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	99.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	99.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	99.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	99.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Literacy - male

2004	99.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	99.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	99.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	99.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	99.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Literacy - female

2004	99.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	99.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	99.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	99.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	99.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Landlines telephones

2007	330 per 1,000 people	International Telecommunication Union (ITU) 2008
2006	363 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2005	404 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2004	452 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2003	492 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2002	524 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2001	541 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2000	550 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008

Cellular telephone subscribers

2007	1152 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2006	1078 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2005	1004 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2004	953 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2003	909 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2002	868 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2001	805 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2000	720 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008

Internet users

2006	556 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2005	533 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2004	514 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2003	490 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2002	486 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2001	431 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2000	372 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008

Transparency International corruption ranking (1=least corrupt, 179=most corrupt)

2008	5 (joint)	Transparency International 2008
2007	1 (joint)	Transparency International 2007
2006	1 (joint)	Transparency International
2005	2 (joint)	Transparency International
2004	1	Transparency International
2003	1	Transparency International
2002	1	Transparency International
2001	1	Transparency International
2000	1	Transparency International

Signatory of International Convention on the Prevention and Punishment for the crime of Genocide
Yes (1948)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Signatory of the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
Yes (1984)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Signatory of the Convention on the Rights of the Child
Yes (1989)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

International humanitarian aid flows
Access the Financial Tracking Service, a global real-time database which records all reported humanitarian aid - including that for NGOs, the Red Cross/Crescent Movement, bilateral aid, in-kind aid and private donations - searchable by country.
Source: Financial Tracking Service, ReliefWeb

Percentage of population living on less than US$1 a day
No data available percent

GNI per capita, Atlas method

2006	41360 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2005	38500 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2004	33880 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2003	27480 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2002	24720 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2001	24830 current US$	WorldBankDataProfileTables2008
2000	25400 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008

The purpose of the Atlas conversion factor is to reduce the impact of exchange rate fluctuations in a cross-country comparison of national incomes. The Atlas conversion factor for any year is the average of a country�s exchange rate (or alternative conversion factor) for that year and its exchange rates for the two preceding years.

GDP

2006	210.7 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2005	195.5 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2004	189.2 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2003	164.7 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2002	135.5 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2001	125.2 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2000	121.9 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008

Annual GDP growth

2006	5.5� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2005	2.9� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2004	3.7� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2003	1.8� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2002	1.6� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2001	2.6� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2000	5.0� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008

Annual inflation

2006	1.3� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2005	0.2� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2004	0.6� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2003	-0.4� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2002	1.3� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2001	3.0� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2000	2.6� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008

Share of income or consumption (poorest 10 percent)
4.0 (latest available year)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008

Share of income or consumption (richest 10 percent)
22.6 (latest available year)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008

Physicians

2000-2004	316 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1990-2004	316 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1990-2003	311 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1990-2002	306 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

Percentage HIV+ (adults aged 15-49)

2007	0.1 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2006	0.1 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2005	0.1 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2004	0.1 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2003	0.1 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008

Malaria
No risk
Source: WHO

TB cases

2006	5 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2005	6 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2004	7 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2003	8 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2002	9 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2001	10 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2000	10 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008

Chronology of natural disasters
Access EM-DAT, a database of natural disasters from 1900 to the present - death tolls and numbers of affected people - searchable by country.
Source: Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters, Catholic University of Louvain, Belgium

Number of refugees originating here

2007	4	UNHCR
2006	6	Office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
2005	5	UNHCR
2004	3	UNHCR
2003	No data available
2002	No data available
2001	No data available
2000	No data available

Number of refugees residing here

2007	6204	UNHCR
2006	11827	UNHCR
2005	11809	UNHCR
2004	11325	UNHCR
2003	10843	UNHCR
2002	12490	UNHCR
2001	12728	UNHCR
2000	13276	UNHCR

Number of internally displaced people\Estimate

	No data available

No data available

Landmine casualties per year

2004	0	Landmine Monitor Report 2005
2003	0	Landmine Monitor Report 2004

Casualty figures may include both civilians and military personnel injured or killed by landmines and unexploded ordnance.
Signatory to landmine convention?
No
Source: Landmine Monitor Report 2004

Percentage of GDP spent on military

2005	1.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	1.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	1.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	1.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	1.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	1.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Percentage of GDP spent on education

2002-2005	6.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2002-2004	6.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2000-2002	6.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1999-2001	6.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1998-2000	6.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

Percentage of GDP spent on health

2004	5.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2003-2004	5.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2002	5.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2001	5.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2000	5.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

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